Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) is a powerful tool, which provides quantitative and comprehensive expression profile of genes in a given cell population. expression of key genes. During the onset and progression of disease, extensive changes take place in gene expression. By comparing gene expression profiles under different conditions, individual genes or group of genes can be MK-0812 identified that play an important role in a particular signaling cascade or process or in disease etiology. Serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) method is usually a highly effective technology that may provide a global gene appearance profile of a specific kind of cell or tissues [1, 2, 3, 4]. In addition, it helps in determining a couple of particular genes towards the mobile conditions by looking at the profiles built for a set of cells that are held at different circumstances [2]. SAGE technique functions by isolating brief fragments of hereditary details through the portrayed genes that can be found in the cell under research. These unique series tags (9C10 bottom pairs in length) are concatenated serially into long DNA molecules for lump-sum sequencing [3]. This serial analysis of many thousands of gene-specific tags allows the simultaneous accumulation of information from genes expressed in the tissue of interest and gives rise to an expression profile of that tissue [3]. These sequencing data are then analyzed to identify each gene Rabbit Polyclonal to NFIL3. expressed in the cell and the levels at which each gene is usually expressed [4]. This information forms a library that can be used to analyze the differences in gene expression between cells. The frequency of each SAGE tag in the cloned multimers directly reflects the transcript abundance. Therefore, SAGE results in an accurate picture of gene expression at both the qualitative and the quantitative levels. This technology can be used for elucidation of quantitative gene expression pattern that does not depend on the prior availability of transcript information [1]. The SAGE technique can also be used in a wide variety of applications such as to analyze the effect of drugs on tissues, to identify disease-related genes, and to provide insights into disease pathways. Here we are focusing the applications of SAGE technology in human studies. SAGE IN HUMAN STUDIES SAGE technology has been widely used in a number of human studies. Some examples of these scholarly studies are described in the next sections. Circulatory program Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells in the disease fighting capability and can end up being produced in vitro from hematopoietic progenitor cells in the bone tissue marrow, Compact disc34(+) cord bloodstream cells, MK-0812 precursor cells in the peripheral bloodstream, and bloodstream monocytes by culturing with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating aspect (GM-CSF), interleukin-4, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. SAGE was performed in DCs produced from individual bloodstream monocytes [5]. A complete of 58 540 label sequences from a DC cDNA collection represented a lot more than 17 000 different genes, and these data had been weighed against SAGE evaluation of tags from monocytes and GM-CSF-induced macrophages. Lots of the genes which were differentially portrayed in DCs had been defined as genes encoding protein linked to cell framework and cell motility. The id of particular genes portrayed in individual bloodstream monocyte-derived DCs should offer applicant genes to define subsets of, the function of, as well as the MK-0812 maturation stage of DCs and perhaps to diagnose illnesses where DCs play a substantial function also, such as for example autoimmune neoplasms and diseases [5]. In continuation of the research, SAGE was conducted in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mature and activated DCs (MADCs) derived from human blood monocytes [6]. Many of the genes, such as germinal center kinase-related protein kinase, cystatin F, interferon (IFN)-alpha-inducible protein p27, EBI3, HEM45, actin-bundling protein, ELC, DC-LAMP, serine/threonine kinase 4, and several genes in expressed sequence tags, were differentially expressed in MADCs, and those encode proteins related to cell structure, antigen-processing enzymes, chemokines, and IFN-inducible proteins. The profile of MADCs was also compared with that of LPS-stimulated monocytes. The comprehensive identification of specific genes expressed in human IMDCs and MADCs should provide candidate genes to define heterogeneous subsets as well as the function and maturation stage of DCs [6]. To comprehensively analyze the genes involved in B-cell antigen receptor (BCR)-mediated apoptosis, the SAGE has been applied to B-cell lymphoma WEHI231 [7]. Comparison of expression patterns revealed that BCR.